Endotoxin analysis
Liquids & extracts
Determination of endotoxins in water samples, aqueous extracts and other liquid samples according to an agreed test design.
Endotoxin analysis for liquid samples and aqueous extracts
Liquid samples and aqueous extracts can be tested for bacterial endotoxins depending on their application, origin and route of exposure. Examples include water samples, process water, dialysis water and extracts from materials.
Depending on the sample and matrix, endotoxin determination in liquids and extracts uses a kinetic Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay: either turbidimetric (Turbi-LAL) or chromogenic (Chromo-LAL). Testing may be relevant to product quality, process control, hygiene or specific applications.
A suitable testing approach depends on the sample type, matrix, expected endotoxin content and methodological feasibility. Potential effects of the sample matrix are taken into account when selecting and evaluating the test design.
Liquid samples & matrix
Testing tailored to the sample, application and enquiry
Liquids and extracts can vary considerably in composition. Endotoxin determination therefore depends on both the sample type and its specific matrix.
For aqueous samples, testing can be carried out directly or following suitable preparation. For extracts, interpretation also depends on the source material from which the extract was obtained and how the results should be expressed for the enquiry.
The choice between the two kinetic LAL methods depends on the sample, testing objective and suitability of the method.
Where needed, Glucashield® is used to suppress interference caused by (1→3)-β-D-glucans in the LAL assay. Additional glucan testing can be arranged where relevant to the enquiry.
Water and process water
Determination of endotoxins in water samples, process water or other liquid samples according to an agreed scope of testing.
Extracts from materials
Testing of aqueous extracts to determine endotoxins originating from a source material.
Accounting for sample effects
Properties such as turbidity, colour, pH or other matrix effects may be relevant when selecting the test design.
Need endotoxin testing for liquids or extracts?
We can assess which testing approach is suitable for your liquid sample, extract or specific enquiry.